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Cardiovascular Disease

A cardiologist is involved with diagnosing and treating disorders and diseases of the heart and vascular system and any congenital or degenerative condition of the heart, vessels or valves. The specialty also deals with diseases that affect cardiovascular function, such as thyroidism, gigantism or metabolic disorders. Computerized non-invasive diagnostic techniques are used to determine function and capacity of the heart, valves and arteries. Invasive techniques, such as angiography and catheterization, are also used. The specialty requires an internship, a two-year medical residency program and a three-year fellowship.